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The reproductives live in a central chamber in the nest where a female, or queen, will lay many thousands of eggs every year over her life span of about 10 years. Man, or kings, are responsible for fertilising the queens. Reproductives are commonly observed.
The young termites develop in the colony by shedding cuticles in the end of every growth stage, gradually changing until they reach the employee, soldier or adult (winged form). If queens die, some supplementary reproductives can carry on the colony as neotenics.
Reproductives are generally darker than workers and soldiers. They have functional eyes and their more robust skin (cuticle) is able to resist the external environment. Once flight, unlike other insects, the deciduous wings of termites are lost and piles of shed wings are a fantastic hint to termite infestations.
Soldiers have darker heads than the other castes. They are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs.
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Soldiers are tougher than the other castes and take longer to die from most toxins, exposure, or starvation. It's their role to defend the colony, if disturbed, while the damage is fixed by the employees.
Soldiers exist in different forms. Most species have soldiers, with well-developed jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, like ants.
Nastute soldiers happen in Nasustitermes species and therefore are only infrequently found as pests in Victoria. They've a snout from which they eject a tacky solution which irritates and glues attackers.
Phragmotic soldiers have a very large head, which can be wedged in tunnels to prevent attackers. The drywood termites, which use this particular strategy, are only occasional introductions to Victoria.
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The workers account for the largest number of termites within the colony, and are consequently responsible for the most harm.
They gather food construct tunnels and repair damage in addition to tending to the kings, queens and their young. These termites are thought to operate here are the findings 24 hours per day during their 4-year life span. Worker termites are generally unpigmented. They are blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. .
Termites hatch from eggs which have been tended by their own nest mates in specially constructed nurseries.
As soon as they're mature enough, the young work within the colony where jobs change with age and adulthood.
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Once a single colony becomes sufficiently large it produces winged reproductives which wait in specially constructed chambers until ready to leave the nest and undertake a colonising flight.
They leave the nest for a swarm under conditions of high humidity, still atmosphere, and sometimes light. Termites are not strong fliers and generally only fly around 1km, but breezes and updrafts can carry them a lot farther.
Upon landing near a suitable nest site, the female sheds her wings and evokes a calling scent. Males respond.
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They dig in and over the next few weeks, partner and take care of their young until enough employees develop to take over the care functions.
New colonies are established via budding. This is thought to happen when the extremities of the colony get rid of contact and eventually become independent.
The king and queen are thought to emit hormones, which suppress the sexual development of the rest of the colony. However, this control breaks down if the land is too large or contact with groups is useful site lost.
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Termites work in nests or colonies. They hatch from eggs as mammals, which can be fed by mature termites. They then develop into castes or four forms of termite:
Soldiers have big, black heads, are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Soldiers are tougher than other castes and may take longer to control. Some species of soldier termites have strong jaws (mandibles) utilized to crush attackers, like ants.
Employees find more info are colourless, blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Employees are the largest caste within a colony and are, therefore, responsible for harm.
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Reproductives that are darker in color to castes, have functional eyes and robust skin. This caste becomes the pioneers of colonies.
The temperature, food quality, and action of this colony will determine how long it takes for a termite.
Nests and tunnels are kept moist because worker termites cannot stand low humidity for long periods of time. The temperature within the nursery of a massive nest ranges between 10 C and 35 C but seldom varies more than one degree a day. The relative humidity is approximately 100 per cent.
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It's important to identify the kind of infestation prior to beginning treatment. This can help you understand the customs of this colony, locate the nest and indicate the method of control.